DAKAR, Senegal
Ibrahim Boubacar Keita, a former president of Mali who came to power on the promise of honest leadership but was ousted in a coup in 2020 amid allegations of corruption, died on Sunday at his home in Bamako, the capital. He was 76.
His
death was confirmed on Twitter by Abdoulaye Diop, a former
minister of foreign affairs, and by the United Nations peacekeeping mission in
Mali. The cause was not made public, but Mr. Keita had for years sought medical
treatment in the United Arab Emirates and was hospitalized
in September shortly after being overthrown.
Mr.
Keita, popularly known by the initials I.B.K., was president from 2013 to 2020,
one of the most turbulent periods in Mali’s recent history. Coups bookended his
tenure: One in 2012 precipitated a crisis that led to his winning
an election in a landslide and another in
August 2020 brought his arrest by armed soldiers who forced him to
resign on television, later
releasing him.
During
his time in office, insecurity spiraled higher in Mali, a diverse, landlocked
West African country known for its ancient
manuscripts and evocative music.
His
rise in 2013 followed a crisis in which coup leaders overthrew
the government, then rebels seized
Mali’s northern cities. Islamist
extremists piggybacked on the chaos, imposing Shariah law in those
cities, Timbuktu, Gao and Kidal. A military intervention by France, Mali’s
former colonial ruler, initially routed the extremists from their northern
strongholds, but since then insecurity has spread across the region.
When
he became president, many Malians saw Mr. Keita, who had served as prime minister
in the 1990s, as an honest man who could lead Mali out of the complex crisis.
But his reputation became tainted by allegations of corruption and nepotism,
and the months leading to his overthrow were marked by burgeoning
protests over a parliamentary election he was accused of stealing by
installing his preferred candidates.
It
was perhaps his son, Karim Keita, who attracted the most resentment. When the
president was overthrown, people broke into his son’s luxury home in Bamako,
looting it and photographing themselves swimming in his pool.
Malians
greeted the coup plotters as heroes. Mr. Keita had come to be seen as both a
beneficiary and proponent of foreign interests, particularly those of France.
In
addition to his son, Mr. Keita is survived by three other children and his
wife, Aminata Maïga Keita. Complete information on survivors was not
immediately available.
Since
Mr. Keita’s fall, gathering resentment of Mali’s elites and of France has
crescendoed. When the military junta proposed this month to lengthen the
transition period before new elections are held, most of Mali’s neighbors in
West Africa imposed harsh sanctions, supported by Western powers and the United
Nations.
On
Friday, Malians rose up in protest, primarily against those sanctions, but
also, in many cases, in favor of the junta.
Mr.
Keita was praised, however, for how he met his political end, trying to calm
the situation in his televised resignation speech while in military custody.
“For seven years I had the happiness and the joy of trying to straighten out this country,” he said. “I don’t want any blood to be shed to keep me in my position.”
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