By Samuel Petrequin, BRUSSELS Belgium
The European Union proposed
Wednesday to set up a U.N.-backed court to investigate possible war crimes
Russia committed in Ukraine, and to use frozen Russian assets to rebuild the
war-torn country.European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen applauds during a ceremony marking the 70th anniversary of the European Parliament, Tuesday, Nov. 22, 2022 in Strasbourg, eastern France.
European Commission president
Ursula von der Leyen said in a video message that the EU will work with
international partners to get “the broadest international support possible” for
the tribunal, while continuing to support the International Criminal Court.
Since Russian President Vladimir
Putin ordered the invasion of Ukraine on Feb. 24, his military forces have been
accused of abuses ranging from killings in the Kyiv suburb of Bucha to deadly
attacks on civilian facilities, including the March 16 bombing of a theater in
Mariupol that an Associated Press investigation established likely killed close
to 600 people.
Investigations of military
crimes committed during the war in Ukraine are underway around Europe, and the
Hague-based International Criminal Court has already launched a probe.
But because Russia does not
accept the International Criminal Court’s jurisdiction, the European Commission
said it presented to the 27 EU countries two options to hold the Kremlin
accountable: either a “special independent international court based on a
multilateral treaty or a specialized court integrated in a national justice
system with international judges — a hybrid court.”
Ukrainian first lady Olena
Zelenska on Tuesday also urged that Ukraine’s invaders be held accountable.
“Victory is not the only thing
we need. We need justice,” she told lawmakers in London, comparing Russian war
crimes to the atrocities Nazi Germany committed in World War II.
She called on Britain to lead
efforts to set up a criminal tribunal to prosecute senior Russians, similar to
the postwar Nuremberg trials of leading Nazis.
Von der Leyen on Wednesday
added that the EU wants to make Russia pay for the destruction it caused in
neighboring Ukraine by using Russian assets
frozen under sanctions.
She estimated the damage to
Ukraine at 600 billion euros ($617 billion).
“Russia and its oligarchs have
to compensate Ukraine for the damage and cover the costs for rebuilding the
country,” von der Leyen said. “We have the means to make Russia pay.”
Von der Leyen said 300 billion
euros ($308 billion) of the Russian central bank reserves has been immobilized,
and that 19 billion euros ($20 billion) of Russian oligarchs’ money has been
frozen.
“In the short term, we could
create with our partners a structure to manage these funds and invest them,”
she said. “We would then use the proceeds for Ukraine, and once the sanctions
are lifted, these funds should be used so that Russia pays full compensation
for the damages caused to Ukraine.”
The EU said the lifting of the
restrictions on Russian assets could be linked to conclusion of a peace deal
between Ukraine and Russia that would settle the question of damages
reparation.
In other Ukraine war
developments:
Russia’s military appear to be
studying targets, positioning warships and making other preparations to resume
major attacks that have crippled Ukraine’s energy and water infrastructure,
Ukrainian officials said Wednesday. “At Russian airfields strategic aircraft
are equipped, tactical aircraft are equipped, and a missile carrier is put on
duty. These are indirect signs of preparing for a strike,” Ukrainian southern
military command spokeswoman Natalia Humeniuk said on Ukrainian TV.
In his nightly video address
Wednesday, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said his country’s forces
are preparing “an even more powerful countermeasure” for Russia on the
battlefield, and “new solutions” to Ukraine’s energy and communication issues.
Earlier, he said in a video address to a New York Times meeting that U.S. tech
billionaire Elon Musk, who has proposed that Ukraine cede territory as part of
a peace plan, visit Ukraine to understand the situation better. Regarding
Putin’s threats to escalate the type of weapons Russia uses in Ukraine,
Zelenskyy said: “I don’t think he will use nuclear weapons.”
Ukrainian officials reported
progress in restoring power nationwide, with the energy deficit reduced to 27%.
The country’s electricity system operator, Ukrenergo, said that was a 3%
improvement from Tuesday.
In the hard-hit Kherson region
that Russia illegally annexed in September and Ukraine since reclaimed,
officials reported partial restoration of residential water supplies, albeit at
reduced pressure, thanks to electricity being restored to water pumping
stations. Power has returned to half of Kherson city’s residents. Russian
shelling in Kherson damaged a hospital, an industrial plant, a bank,
residential buildings and infrastructure.
At the shut-down Zaporizhzhia
nuclear plant in southern Ukraine, Europe’s largest atomic power station,
Russian officials claimed Ukrainian shelling damaged a building and waste
storage facilities but that containers inside with radioactive substances were
not affected. Ukrainian authorities said the Russians shelled the cities of
Marhanets and Nikopol across the Dnieper River from the Zaporizhzhia plant.
Ukraine’s presidential office
said at least five civilians were killed and 21 wounded in the latest Russian
shelling nationwide. Russian attacks in the Donetsk region focused on the
strategically located town of Kurdiumivka south of Bakhmut. In Bakhmut, Russian
rockets hit residential buildings and a kindergarten, according to regional
authorities.
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