By Ahmed Rasheed, Ahmed Aboulenein and Jeff Mason, BAGHDAD/WASHINGTON
Iraq’s parliament called on Sunday for U.S. and
other foreign troops to leave as a backlash grows against the U.S. killing of a
top Iranian general, and President Donald Trump doubled down on threats to
target Iranian cultural sites if Tehran retaliates.
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| A portrait of late Qassem Soleimani, head of the elite Quds Force, is seen on chairs during a funeral ceremony rally to mourn over his death, in Beirut's suburbs, Lebanon, January 5, 2020 |
Deepening
a crisis that has heightened fears of a major Middle East conflagration, Iran
said it was taking another step back from commitments under a 2015 nuclear deal
with six major powers.
Iran’s
most prominent general, Qassem Soleimani, was killed on Friday in a U.S. drone
strike on his convoy at Baghdad airport, an attack that carried U.S.-Iranian
hostilities into uncharted waters.
An
Iranian government minister denounced Trump as a “terrorist in a suit” after
the U.S. president sent a series of Twitter posts on Saturday threatening to
hit 52 Iranian sites, including targets important to Iranian culture, if Tehran
attacks Americans or U.S. assets to avenge Soleimani’s death.
Talking
to reporters aboard Air Force One on the way to Washington from Florida on
Sunday evening, Trump stood by those comments.
“They’re
allowed to kill our people. They’re allowed to torture and maim our people.
They’re allowed to use roadside bombs and blow up our people. And we’re not
allowed to touch their cultural sites? It doesn’t work that way,” he said.
Democratic
critics of the Republican president have said Trump was reckless in authorizing
the strike, and some said his comments about targeting cultural sites amounted
to threats to commit war crimes. Many asked why Soleimani, long seen as a
threat by U.S. authorities, had to be killed now.
Republicans
in Congress have generally backed Trump’s move.
Trump
also threatened sanctions against Iraq and said that if U.S. troops were
required to leave the country, Iraq’s government would have to pay Washington
for the cost of a “very extraordinarily expensive” air base there.
He
said if Iraq asked U.S. forces to leave on an unfriendly basis, “we will charge
them sanctions like they’ve never seen before ever. It’ll make Iranian
sanctions look somewhat tame.”
The
Iraqi parliament passed a resolution calling for an end to all foreign troop
presence, reflecting the fears of many in Iraq that Friday’s strike could
engulf them in another war between two bigger powers long at odds in Iraq and
across the region.
While
such resolutions are not binding on the government, this one is likely to be
heeded: Prime Minister Adel Abdul Mahdi had earlier called on parliament to end
foreign troop presence as soon as possible.
Iran
and the United States have been competing for clout in Iraq since the U.S.-led
invasion in 2003 that toppled dictator Saddam Hussein.
Before
Trump’s comments to reporters, a State Department spokeswoman said the United
States was waiting for clarification of the legal nature and impact of the
resolution, and strongly urged Iraqi leaders to reconsider the importance of
the two nations’ ongoing economic and security relationship.
Some
5,000 U.S. troops remain in Iraq, most in an advisory role.
Abdul
Mahdi said that despite the “internal and external difficulties” the country
might face, canceling its request for help from U.S.-led coalition military
forces “remains best for Iraq on principle and practically.”
He
said he had been scheduled to meet Soleimani the day he was killed, and that
the general had been due to deliver an Iranian response to a message from Saudi
Arabia that Abdul Mahdi had earlier passed to Tehran. Sunni Muslim Saudi Arabia
and Shi’ite Iran had been about to “reach a breakthrough over the situation in
Iraq and the region”, Abdul Mahdi said.
Despite
decades of U.S.-Iran enmity, Iranian-backed militia and U.S. troops fought side
by side during Iraq’s 2014-17 war against Islamic State, their common enemy.
Iraqi militia leader Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis was also killed in Friday’s strike.
Sunday’s
parliamentary resolution was passed by overwhelmingly Shi’ite lawmakers, as the
special session was boycotted by most Sunni Muslim and Kurdish lawmakers.
One
Sunni member of parliament told Reuters both groups feared that kicking out
U.S.-led forces would leave Iraq vulnerable to insurgents, undermine security
and heighten the power of Iranian-backed Shi’ite militias.
The
‘E3’ group of countries comprising France, Britain and Germany called on Iran
to refrain from any violent action and urged it to go back to respecting
arrangements laid out in the 2015 nuclear
deal with world powers.
The three
nations also reaffirmed their determination to fight Islamic State and called
on Iraqi authorities to continue to give the necessary support to the
coalition.
It
was Trump’s withdrawal of the United States from the deal in 2018 and
reimposition of sanctions on Iran that touched off a new spiral of tensions
after a brief thaw following the accord.
On
Sunday, Iran further distanced itself from the agreement, saying it would
continue to cooperate with the U.N. nuclear watchdog but would respect no
limits to its uranium enrichment work.
That
meant “there will be no limitations in enrichment capacity, level of enrichment
and research and development and ... it will be based on Iran’s technical
needs,” state TV said, quoting a government statement. It said the rollback of
its nuclear commitments could be reversed if Washington lifted sanctions on
Tehran.
As head
of the Revolutionary Guards’ Quds Force, Soleimani masterminded Iran’s
clandestine and military operations abroad, creating an arc of Shi’ite power
with the help of proxy militias confronting the regional might of the United
States, Israel and Saudi Arabia.
Hundreds
of thousands of mourners, many chanting, beating their chests and wailing in
grief, turned out across Iran to show their respects after his body was
returned to a hero’s welcome. - Reuters
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